PopTerm/NVT for DOS and Windows User's Guide (ASCII-Only Version) Rational Data Systems Welcome! ======== The PopTerm/NVT User's Guides are normally delivered in typeset, bound, hard copy, However, to expedite the distribution of the demo version, RDS has supplied this ASCII-only textfile version. If you would like to receive a hard-copy version of the User's Guide, or if you have any other questions, please contact: Rational Data Systems, Inc. 1050 Northgate Drive San Rafael, California 94903 Tel: 415/499-3354 Tel: 800/743-3054 FAX: 415/499-8115 NOTICE Rational Data Systems, Inc., (RDS) has prepared this manual for use by RDS personnel and customers. The material contained herein is the property of RDS and shall not be reproduced in whole or in part without RDS's prior written approval. Users are cautioned that RDS reserves the right to make changes without notice in the specifications and materials contained herein and shall not be responsible for any damages (including consequential) caused by reliance upon the materials presented. Software and Documentation Copyright 1992, 1993 Rational Data Systems, Inc., and Redwood Technologies. All Rights Reserved. Portions of this program Copyright 1983-1990 Novell, Inc. All Rights Reserved. ISBN 1-881378-17-9 Trademarks ========== PopTerm is a trademark of Rational Data Systems, Inc. MS-DOS, MS, Microsoft and Microsoft Windows are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. IBM is a registered trademark of International Business Machines Corporation. Novell and NetWare are registred trademarks of Novell, Inc. Unix is a registered trademark of American Telephone and Telegraph. Revision History: ================= Second Edition [2.00] February 1993 Rational Data Systems, Inc. San Rafael, California Tel: 800/743-3054 Tel: 415/499-3354 FAX: 415/499-8115 BBS: 415/499-7628 Preface Thank You! ========== We appreciate your selecting PopTerm/NVT for your terminal emulation requirements. Rational Data Systems has tried to make PopTerm/NVT the best possible emulator for the NetWare for Unix environment. We hope you'll agree that we have succeeded. What's Inside ============= This User's Guide is divided into three sections: * PopTerm/NVT for MS-DOS * PopTerm/NVT for Microsoft Windows * Emulation Issues The first two sections document the unique aspects of each of the two versions of PopTerm/NVT. The third section describes more advanced topics that are common to both versions. If You Need Help ================ If you encounter difficulties which you cannot resolve with the help of this User's Guide please contact your NetWare for Unix OEM or Rational Data Systems Tech Support Department: Rational Data Systems, Inc. 1050 Northgate Drive San Rafael, California 94903 USA Tel: 800/743-3054 (toll-free in the U.S.) Tel: 415/499-3354 FAX: 415/499-8115 BBS: 415/499-7628 End-User License Agreement ========================== DO NOT OPEN THIS PACKAGE BEFORE CAREFULLY READING ALL THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT. OPENING THE PACKAGE CONTAINING THIS SOFTWARE INDICATES YOUR ACCEPTANCE OF THESE TERMS AND CONDITIONS. If you do not agree to these terms and conditions, return the sealed package with all contents unused to the place of purchase and your money will be refunded. No refunds will be given for packages which have been opened or for products which have been used or are missing components. In return for acquiring a license to use the computer program(s) contained herein ("Programs") and related documentation supplied by Rational Data Systems, Incorporated ("RDS"), you agree to the following terms and conditions: 1.1 SCOPE OF USE. You agree to accept a nonexclusive license to use the Programs on one (1) specific single-user computer system or network server ("CPU") as appropriate for the license purchased under the conditions set forth below. 1.2 You agree that you will not make or have made, or permit to be made, any copies of the Programs or related documentation or any portions thereof, except as necessary for backup purposes. You agree that any such backup copies of the Programs shall contain the same proprietary notices (including, but not limited to copyright notices) which appear on or in the Programs as delivered by RDS. 2. PROPRIETARY RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS. You acknowledge that the Programs are proprietary to RDS and licensed to you on a nonexclusive basis. 3. NO OTHER RIGHTS. Except as stated above, this Agreement does not grant you any rights to nor shall any rights accrue to you by your use under this Agreement of patents, copyrights, trade secrets, trade names, Trademarks (whether registered or unregistered), or any other rights, franchises, or licenses in respect of the Programs or related documentation or trademarks. 4. TERM. The license is effective until terminated. You may terminate the license at any time by destroying the software and its documentation together with all copies or modifications. RDS will have the right to terminate your license immediately if you fail to comply with any term or condition of this Agreement. You agree upon any such termination you will destroy the software and its documentation together with all copies or modifications in any form and cease all use of Programs. 5.1 LIMITED WARRANTY. RDS warrants that the unmodified Programs contained herein will operate substantially in the manner described in the documentation contained herein for a period of ninety (90) days from the date they were obtained by you as evidenced by a copy of your receipt. RDS warrants that the magnetic media upon which the Programs are recorded will be free from defects in materials and workmanship under normal use and service for the same ninety (90) day period. RDS's entire liability and your exclusive remedy shall be replacement of the Programs which do not meeting RDS's Limited Warranty are which returned by you to your place of purchase with a copy of your receipt and a written statement of the problem(s) encountered. If the Programs have been modified in any manner then RDS shall have no responsibility to replace the Programs under this Limited Warranty. RDS DOES NOT AND CANNOT WARRANT THE PERFORMANCE OR RESULTS THAT MAY BE OBTAINED BY USING THE PROGRAMS OR RELATED DOCUMENTATION. THE FOREGOING STATES YOUR SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDY FOR BREACH OF WARRANTY. IN PARTICULAR, RDS DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES AS TO PERFORMANCE, MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE. 5.2 LIMITED LIABILITY. IN NO EVENT WILL RDS BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR ANY DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY LOST PROFITS, LOST SAVINGS OR OTHER INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES EVEN IF RDS OR ANY RDS REPRESENTATIVE HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES, OR FOR ANY CLAIM BY ANY OTHER PARTY. 5.3 Some states do not allow the exclusion of implied warranties or limitations on how long an implied warranty may last, or the exclusion or limitation of incidental or consequential damages, so the above limitations or exclusions may not apply to you. The warranty in Section 5.1 gives you specific legal rights and you may also have other rights which vary from state to state. 6. EXPORT. You acknowledge that the laws and regulations of the United States restrict the export and re-export of commodities and technical data of United States origin, including the Programs or related documentation in any medium. You agree that you will not export or re-export the Programs or related documentation in any form without the appropriate United States and foreign government licenses. You also agree that your obligations pursuant to this section shall survive and continue after any termination or expiration of rights under this Agreement. 7. GOVERNING LAW. This Agreement shall be governed in all respects by the laws of the United States of America and the State of California as such laws are applied to agreements entered into and to be performed entirely within California between California residents. 8. ENTIRE AGREEMENT. YOU ACKNOWLEDGE THAT YOU HAVE READ THIS AGREEMENT, UNDERSTAND IT AND THAT BY USING THE ENCLOSED PROGRAMS, YOU AGREE TO BE BOUND BY ITS TERMS AND CONDITIONS. YOU FURTHER AGREE THAT IT IS THE COMPLETE AND EXCLUSIVE STATEMENT OF THE AGREEMENT BETWEEN RDS AND YOU WHICH SUPERSEDES ANY PROPOSAL OR PRIOR AGREEMENT, ORAL OR WRITTEN, AND ANY OTHER COMMUNICATIONS BETWEEN RDS AND YOU RELATING TO THE SUBJECT MATTER OF THIS AGREEMENT. NO VARIATION OF THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY DIFFERENT TERMS WILL BE ENFORCEABLE AGAINST RDS UNLESS RDS GIVES ITS EXPRESS CONSENT, INCLUDING AN EXPRESS WAIVER OF THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT, IN A WRITING SIGNED BY RDS. PopTerm/NVT for MS-DOS is one of a family of multi-session LAN-based terminal emulation software packages designed specifically for use with NetWare for Unix. PopTerm/NVT for MS-DOS emulates VT-52, VT-102 and VT-220 terminals on IBM PC, XT, AT, PS/2 and compatible computers under MS-DOS. Features ======== PopTerm/NVT for MS-DOS includes the following features: * VT-xxx Emulation PopTerm/NVT emulates the important features of Digital Equipment's popular VT-52, VT-102 and VT-220 CRTs. * Integrated NVT NetWare Virtual Terminal (NVT) is the LAN-based protocol for terminal emulation in conjunction with NetWare for Unix. While many emulators are NVT compatible, PopTerm/NVT is the first emulator to actually include enhanced functionality of Novell's NVT.EXE within the emulator itself. * Multiple Sessions PopTerm/NVT supports up to ten simultaneous sessions. These sessions may be on a single or separate NetWare for Unix servers. PopTerm/NVT accomplishes this without the need for additional software on the NetWare for Unix server. A single keystroke allows you to switch from one session to any other. The screen for each session is saved and restored when you return to that session. * Small Size PopTerm/NVT requires less than 100k bytes under MS-DOS. This includes the memory normally occupied by NVT.EXE which is not required by PopTerm/NVT, making PopTerm/NVT much smaller than other NVT-based packages. * Memory-Resident PopTerm/NVT for MS-DOS is small enough to run as a memory- resident (TSR) program. PopTerm/NVT can even be loaded into memory above 640k, giving the user memory-resident emulation without consuming valuable DOS memory. * Hot-Key Activation When installed as an MS-DOS TSR, PopTerm/NVT can be activated at any time by pressing the Alt and = keys. The PC screen then switches instantly between DOS and terminal mode. The underlying application's screen is fully saved and restored. * Internationalization PopTerm/NVT is a truly international product. In addition to support for most character sets, a single keystroke instantly switches PopTerm/NVT's prompts and messages between most common languages. PopTerm/NVT's extensive help facility is likewise multilingual. * Remappable Keyboard To support applications which expect a variety of keyboard layouts as well as the unique requirements of many non-U.S. keyboards, PopTerm/NVT supports redefining or remapping of most of the keyboard character codes. * Network Ready PopTerm/NVT's simple installation and management procedures are designed for the multi-user environment. Individual session files retain host-specific data and each user's preferences for colors, languages and other emulation attributes. * Text File Logging and Transmission PopTerm/NVT can capture text files to disk as they are received, and transmit disk files to the remote computer as though they were typed from the keyboard. * Restrictions While PopTerm supports all of the most commonly used functions of the DEC VTxxx terminals, it does not support downloadable fonts or the DEC Technical Character Set. Installation Introduction ============ The PopTerm/NVT files may be stored on each individual PC workstation or kept on your NetWare file server. The software will operate the same in either case. Advantages of keeping PopTerm/NVT on each PC include: * a simple installation process; and * complete privacy of configuration data and session files. On the other hand, if you store PopTerm/NVT on a network file server: * all users can share a single copy of the program and associated files, and * a system manager can support multiple users without the need to make changes at each PC. If you are already familiar with PopTerm/NVT and want to install it on a NetWare server, refer to the Advanced Installation Options section later in this manual for more information. The following section describes the simplified procedure for installation on an individual PC. NVT.EXE ======= Do not load the file NVT.EXE which was supplied by your NetWare for Unix OEM. The functions of NVT.EXE are included within PopTerm/NVT itself. Installing PopTerm/NVT ======================= 1. Create a directory on your hard drive for PopTerm i.e. C:\POPTERM 2. Copy the files that came from the self-extracting archive to that directory 3. Modify config.sys to make sure FILES are at least 35 and BUFFERS are at least 15 FILES=35 BUFFERS=15 4. Add your PopTerm directory to your DOS Path statement in your AUTOEXEC.BAT In order to run PopTerm/NVT, your computer must be able to locate the PT.EXE program. As with all MS-DOS programs, your computer will first look in the current directory, then follow your search PATH. Make sure that MS-DOS can find PopTerm/NVT by adding C:\POPTERM to the end of your PATH statement in the AUTOEXEC.BAT file. 5. Add the following line to your AUTOEXEC.BAT SET PTDIR=C:\POPTERM For PopTerm/NVT to find its session files you must either be in the directory with those session files before you start PopTerm/NVT or you must add the PTDIR variable to your AUTOEXEC.BAT file. What this does is tell PopTerm/NVT where to find its session files. RELEASE.TXT and SEE.EXE =================== PopTerm/NVT comes with a utility called SEE.EXE. This program is used to read the documentation that comes with this demo. To display the PopTerm/NVT RELEASE.TXT file simply type README from a DOS prompt in the POPTERM subdirectory. SEE.EXE allows you to navigate through the READ.ME file using the following keys: * Use the up and down arrows to scroll one line at a time, PgUp and PgDown to move and entire screen at a time, and Home and End to move to the beginning and end of the entire file. * Press "C" to print or copy all or portions of the file. * Press "H" to get more help with the use of SEE.EXE. * Press "ESCape" then you are done reading the RELEASE.TXT file. ----------------------------------------------------------------- WARNING! RELEASE.TXT contains important updates and changes to this User's Guide. The information it contains may be critical to your installation, use of, and success with PopTerm/NVT. Please read it thoroughly. ----------------------------------------------------------------- Getting Started Running PopTerm/NVT =================== Once PopTerm/NVT has been properly installed, it is started by simply typing "PT". C>pt PopTerm/NVT will display the Connection Manager screen. Select a NetWare for Unix NVT server from among those displayed by moving the highlight bar up or down with your cursor keys and press . You will be presented with the Unix login prompt of the server you selected. That's all there is to it. You're up and running! ---------------------------------------------------------------- HINT: You may need to hit the Enter key once or twice before you receive the login prompt. ---------------------------------------------------------------- If No Servers Appear ==================== If no servers are shown in the list, it is usually attributable to one of the following causes. First, NVT may not be running or may not be configured properly on your NetWare for Unix server. See your NetWare for Unix documentation for instructions on how to enable NVT using the sconsole utility. Second, the IPX driver on your PC may not be configured properly. Can you connect to your NetWare for Unix file server as an ordinary NetWare client (i.e., for file and print service)? If not, then refer to your NetWare documentation for instructions on configuring your IPX and LAN adaptor. If neither of these suggestions solves the problem, use NVT.EXE as a diagnostic tool as described below. Testing with NVT.EXE ==================== Your NetWare for Unix software includes an MS-DOS program called NVT.EXE which is used by other terminal emulators to communicate with NetWare for Unix's NVT. The functionality of NVT.EXE is contained within PopTerm/NVT, so NVT.EXE should not be used with PopTerm/NVT. You can, however, use NVT.EXE to test the ability to make a connection to the server. If you are currently running PopTerm/NVT, exit and remove it from memory by pressing Alt-R. Locate the NVT.EXE program which was supplied with your NetWare for Unix software. Load NVT.EXE from the MS-DOS prompt by typing: NVT Press Alt-T to bring up the list of available NVT servers. The list you see using NVT.EXE should be the same as that displayed using PopTerm/NVT. To unload NVT.EXE, press ESCape to return to the MS-DOS command line and enter the following command: NVT -y If servers are displayed using NVT.EXE but not with PopTerm/NVT, contact Rational Data Systems or your supplier for assistance. If no servers are displayed using either NVT.EXE or PopTerm/NVT, the problem is not within PopTerm/NVT. Session Files ============= PopTerm/NVT uses session files to store your preferences for each connection or session. By default PopTerm/NVT tries to load the session file named DEFAULT.SES. Unless you have modified DEFAULT.SES it will not contain the name of your NetWare for Unix server, and PopTerm/NVT will enter the Connection Manager. However, if you have modified DEFAULT.SES using the Control Panel, PopTerm/NVT will try to connect to the specified server. The Command Line ================ You can also specify session file names on the command line. For example, suppose you have a NetWare for Unix NVT server named NVT_ONE. If you create a session file named ONE.SES which specifies that name you could start PopTerm/NVT as follows: C>pt one This instructs PopTerm/NVT to connect to NVT_ONE as soon as the program begins, which is very convenient if you typically use the same NetWare for Unix NVT servers over and over again. ----------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: You should not use the ".SES" file extension. It is always assumed by PopTerm/NVT. ----------------------------------------------------------------- Multiple Sessions ================= PopTerm/NVT allows you to establish up to ten sessions and to switch back and forth between them without losing any data. These sessions may all be on the same NetWare for Unix NVT server or on different servers. You can start and stop each session from within PopTerm/NVT, or you can specify up to ten sessions on the command line. For example: C>pt one one two ----------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: The session file ONE.SES is used twice. This would start sessions 1 and 2 on NVT_ONE and session 3 on the server specified in the session file TWO.SES. ----------------------------------------------------------------- Exiting PopTerm/NVT =================== When you want to return to MS-DOS you have two options: * If you press the Alt-R (Remove) key your sessions will be terminated, PopTerm/NVT will be removed from memory and you'll be returned to MS-DOS. * If you press the Alt-X (eXit) key PopTerm/NVT will install itself as a memory-resident or TSR program. Your sessions will continue to exist (but remain inactive) and you'll be be returned to MS-DOS. ----------------------------------------------------------------- HINT: The advantage of leaving PopTerm/NVT as a memory resident program is that you can return to it at any time by simply pressing the hot-key, typically Alt-=. Your current MS-DOS application will be suspended and your PopTerm/NVT sessions will continue where they left off. You may then toggle back and forth between PopTerm/NVT and MS-DOS using the hot-key. ----------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------- WARNING! PopTerm/NVT will only "pop-up" when the current MS-DOS application is using your display in text mode. If you are currently running a graphics application (such as Windows), PopTerm/NVT will just beep when you press the hot-key. ----------------------------------------------------------------- The /R Option ============= You can also install PopTerm/NVT as a memory resident program from the command line using the /R option: C>pt /r ----------------------------------------------------------------- HINT: You may even want to include a line like this in your AUTOEXEC.BAT file. PopTerm/NVT will then always be available, waiting for you to press the hot-key. You can also specify session files in your AUTOEXEC.BAT file: pt /r bigcpu other1 In this case, connections to each of the NVT servers specified in BIGCPU.SES and OTHER1.SES will be available as soon as you press the hot-key. ----------------------------------------------------------------- What's Next? ============ You'll know when you're in an active session: you will see the screen of your Unix application, and your current session number (1-10) will be highlighted at the bottom of your screen. You'll also see the numbers of any other sessions which are active. To switch to another active session, press the Alt- key or Alt-F for the number of the session you want to move to. For example, to switch to session 2, press Alt-2 or Alt-F2. To change the parameters of the current session, press Alt-P to go to the Control Panel. To start a new session, press Alt-C to go to the Connection Manager. See the Alt Keys section for details on the other Alt keys that are available. On-Line Help PopTerm/NVT provides on-line help throughout the program. Wherever help is available, it can be accessed by pressing the Alt-H key. Help In Active Sessions ======================= While in an active session, the 25th line of the display indicates which sessions are active and the name of the server to which this session is currently attached. When you press Alt-H, the 25th line displays the Alt keys that can be used. You can continue to press Alt-H and several more lines of Help will be displayed. If you leave a Help line on the screen, it will disappear in a few seconds. Help in the Connection Manager ============================== In the Connection Manager, all of the important keys are indicated at the bottom three lines of the display. Help in the Control Panel ========================= There is help available for each field in the Control Panel. The bottom three lines display general help for using the Control Panel. When Alt-H is pressed, specific information is available for the field that is currently highlighted. The Connection Manager What it Does ============ The Connection Manager screen is used to select a server to start a new session. Getting There ============= If you start PopTerm/NVT without specifying one or more session files, you will automatically see the Connection Manager. If you are in an active session and want to start another, press Alt-C. New Sessions ============ There are two ways to start a session from the Connection Manager. The first is to use the Up and Down arrow keys to choose a server name, and then press Enter. The program will immediately attempt to connect you to the server and, if successful, you will be at the Unix login prompt. The second way to establish a new session is to load a session file. To do this, press Alt-L in the Connection Manager. Then enter the name of the session file you wish to load. The program will then attempt to connect to the server named in that session file. If there is no server named in the file or if the connection is not successful, an error message will appear and you will remain in the Connection Manager. Even if the connection is unsuccessful, the terminal settings from the new session file will become the default settings for any new sessions. The Control Panel What it Does ============ The PopTerm/NVT Control Panel provides the user with an easy, on-line way of changing terminal settings and colors, selecting international character sets, and entering function key macros. The user can save these settings to a session file, which can be recalled at a later time. Getting There ============= The Control Panel is accessed by pressing Alt-P while in an active session or from the Connection Manager. When you enter the Control Panel, the settings that are displayed are the current settings for the current active session. Anything that is changed in the Control Panel, except the Server Name, will be immediately reflected in the current session when you return to the session. Saving Sessions =============== You can save the current settings to a session file by pressing Alt-S. Enter the name of the file (without the .SES extension), and it will be saved in the directory specified by the PTDIR environment variable. Loading Sessions ================ You can load a session file by pressing Alt-L and entering the name of the file, again without the .SES extension. The settings from that session file will become the current settings. The name of the last session file that was loaded or saved will appear at the top of the Control Panel. Fields ====== Server Name Enter the NetWare NVT Server Name of up to 48 characters. If the Server Name is changed in the Control Panel it will not affect the current session. The field is provided here only for the purposes of building session files containing Server Names. Terminal Type Enter the type of terminal emulation desired. The following types are supported: VT52 DEC VT-52 VT102 DEC VT-102 VT102/AC DEC VT-102 plus ANSI Color Support VT220-7 DEC VT-220 in 7-bit mode VT220-8 DEC VT-220 in 8-bit mode The setting should reflect the equivalent TERM variable value on your Unix server. Columns Indicate whether to display in 80 column or virtual 132 column mode. If 132 column is selected, the screen will scroll horizontally as you type or when you use the Ctrl Left-Arrow and Ctrl Right-Arrow keys. Screen Mode Select Normal or Reverse. If reverse is selected, then the foreground and background colors are reversed. Character Wrap Select Yes if you want characters to wrap around to the next line whenever you write to the last column. Automatic Linefeed Select Yes if you want each carriage return that is sent to the host to be followed by a line feed. Cursor Type Select either a Block or Underline cursor type. The cursor you select will be used in the Control Panel as well as in the current active session. Key Click Select Yes if you want an audible click with each keystroke. Margin Bell Select Yes if you want PopTerm/NVT to make a sound whenever you are 8 characters from the end of a line. Scrolling Speed Select a scrolling speed with 5 being the fastest and 1 the slowest. Foreground Color Select a foreground color for the current session. If you select MONO, the foreground will be set to white, the background will be black and monochrome underlining will be enabled. Background Color Select a background color for the current session. Underline Color Select a color to use to replace underlining on color monitors. Tabs Press Enter at the tab field to display the tab array. Use the arrow keys to move left and right. Enter a Space to delete a tab. Enter a 'T' to set a tab. Alt-C will clear all tabs. Alt-D will display the default tabs which start in column 9 and set a tab every 8 columns. The tabs that are set will immediately affect the current session. Language Select the language in which all help and prompts will be displayed. Character Set Select the National Replacement Character Set. Printer Select the printer port for this session. Answer Back Enter a message to be returned to the host whenever a Read Status request is received from the host. Default Log File Enter the name of a file to which data will be logged to while in an active session. Macros 1-6 The macros are messages of up to 30 characters each that are sent to the host whenever the macro keys, Ctrl-Shift-F1 through Ctrl-Shift-F6 are pressed. ----------------------------------------------------------------- HINT: You can include control characters in the macros by typing the caret, "^" (Shift-6), followed by a letter. For example, if you enter the following as macro 5: This is a bell.^G then whenever you press Ctrl-Shift-F5, PopTerm/NVT will send "This is a bell." followed by the control-G character (ASCII value 7). If you want to send ESCape sequences to the host, you can enter "^[" (caret, followed by left square bracket) to place an ESCape character in a macro. ----------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: The macro keys may be remapped. Refer to the section in this manual on keyboard remapping for more information. ----------------------------------------------------------------- Advanced Installation Options This section is intended for system managers and network managers who are responsible for installing and supporting a NetWare for Unix NVT server in addition to PopTerm/NVT. Installing PopTerm/NVT on a NetWare Server ========================================== If you are installing PopTerm/NVT on a file server, each user can have his own directory for session files, or session files can be shared. If users will share session files, set the PTDIR environment variable to this directory name. If each user will have his own session file directory, set PTDIR to the particular directory for each user. You can do this by adding PTDIR to each user's login script on the server, or by adding it to each user's AUTOEXEC.BAT file on each workstation. For example, if users will share session files in the F:\PUBLIC\POPTERM directory, add SET PTDIR=F:\PUBLIC\POPTERM to each user's login script or AUTOEXEC.BAT file. Running Under Microsoft Windows Introduction ============ Because IPX is not designed to work in a multi-tasking environment such as Windows or the MS-DOS DOSSHELL, you may need to use additional modules to run PopTerm/NVT in a DOS session under Windows 3.x or other task switching environments. TBMI and TASKID =============== TBMI2.COM is a DOS TSR which is loaded prior to starting Windows. TBMI stands for Task-switched Buffer Manager for IPX and was created to provide multi-tasking capabilities to IPX and SPX programs. Another TSR, TASKID.COM, may also be needed, along with an older version of TBMI, depending upon your configuration. * Windows 3.1 in 386 Enhanced Mode: No drivers or other changes are need for this configuration. * Windows 3.1 in Standard or Real Mode, or Windows 3.0 in Standard or Real Mode with DOS 5.0 or greater: Before starting Windows, load TBMI2.COM which can be found in your \POPTERM directory. After exiting Windows, run TBMI2 with the /U option to unload it from memory. To do all of this from a batch file, see "Loading TBMI* from a Batch File," later in this section. * Windows 3.0 in 386 Enhanced Mode: If the network adaptor in your computer is set for interrupt (IRQ) 2, or IRQ 9 or greater, copy the file, VPICDA.386, from \POPTERM to \WINDOWS\SYSTEM, and replace VPICID.386 with VPICDA.386 by editing your SYSTEM.INI file as follows: [386Enh] ;device=*vpicd device=vpicda.386 * Windows 3.0 in Standard or Real Mode, DOS version 4.x or earlier: Before starting Windows, load TBMI.COM which can be found in your \POPTERM directory. After exiting Windows, run TBMI with the /U option to unload it from memory. To do all of this from a batch file, see "Loading TBMI* from a Batch File," later in this section. TASKID.COM provides information to TBMI as to which DOS session it is receiving information from, and must be loaded prior to running POPTERM.EXE in a DOS session. A batch file, PTWIN.BAT, is used to run PopTerm/NVT under Windows, and must be edited to call TASKID. Remove the "REM " keywords on the TASKID lines. Loading TBMI* from a Batch File =============================== If you are required to run TBMI2.COM or TBMI.COM, you will find it helpful to create a batch file which loads it, starts Windows, and then unloads it when you exit Windows. Here is what the batch file should look like: C:\POPTERM\TBMI2 C:\WINDOWS\WIN C:\POPTERM\TBMI2 /U Change the paths as required if your files are located elsewhere. If you already have a batch file to start Windows, add the lines containing TBMI2 to it. If you need to use TBMI.COM instead of TBMI2.COM, edit the batch file to remove the "2" from each line. PIF Files ========= Be aware that PIF files have a setting for the Application Shortcut Key (ASK). Pressing this key when the program is running causes it to become the foreground task. The ASK may be assigned automatically by Windows when you create a PIF file. This key will always be an Alt- or Ctrl- combination which may conflict with one used by PopTerm/NVT. For example, if your PIF file's ASK is set for Alt-D, you will not be able to press Alt-D within PopTerm/NVT to disconnect. If you find that an Alt- or Ctrl- combination doesn't work in PopTerm/NVT DOS under Windows, check the PIF file being used to see the setting of the ASK. Your best bet is to set it to disable the ASK. If you do use it, select an Alt- combination not used by PopTerm/NVT. ----------------------------------------------------------------- WARNING! Remember, if you do not create a PIF file for PopTerm/NVT, it will use the _DEFAULT.PIF file. See your Windows manual for more information on PIF files and the Application Shortcut Key. ----------------------------------------------------------------- The PopTerm/NVT Files There are several types of files used with PopTerm/NVT. Each file type has a unique DOS extension. The following describes each of the filetypes in detail. PopTerm (PT.EXE) ================ PT.EXE should be placed in a directory within your DOS PATH or within a Search directory if you are using the NetWare file services. Session Files (*.SES) ===================== Session files contain a server name, terminal settings, and any other information that can be entered in the Control Panel. Session files are created by pressing Alt-S, Save Session, while in the Control Panel. All of the settings for the current session will be saved in the session file. The session files will be saved in the directory specified by the PTDIR environment variable, or if PTDIR is not defined, in the directory you were in when PopTerm/NVT was started. A new session file can be loaded for the current session by entering a file name in the session file Name field. The settings from that session file will become the new settings for the current session. PopTerm/NVT is installed with a default session file which is called DEFAULT.SES. Whenever PopTerm/NVT is started, if no session files are indicated on the command line, the program will load the default session file and attempt to establish a session with the server named in that file. You can change the settings and the server name in the default session file by selecting Save Session in the Control Panel, and saving the session to file name DEFAULT. Prompt Files (PT-PROMP.*) ========================= PopTerm/NVT includes prompt files in a number of different languages. All of the prompts on the screen will appear in the language that is currently selected. You can change the language for the prompts at any time by changing the Language field in the Control Panel for the current session. The language can be set on a per session basis. PopTerm/NVT will first search for the prompt files in the same directory as the PT.EXE file. If the prompt files are not found there, the program will search in the directory specified by the PTDIR environment variable, or if PTDIR is not defined, in the directory you were in when PopTerm/NVT was started. If the prompt file for the language that you select cannot be found, the prompts will remain in the last language that was selected. If no prompt files can be found on startup, all prompts will default to English. Help Files (PT-HELP.*) ====================== PopTerm/NVT includes help files in a number of different languages. All of the help messages will appear in the language that is currently selected. The language for the help is changed whenever a new language is selected in the Control Panel. PopTerm/NVT will first search for the help files in the same directory as the PT.EXE file. If the help files are not found there, the program will search in the directory specified by the PTDIR environment variable, or if PTDIR is not defined, in the directory you were in when PopTerm/NVT was started. If the help file for the language that you select cannot be found, no help messages will appear in the Connection Manager or the Control Panel. Image Files (*.PTI) =================== Image files are temporary files that are created by PopTerm/NVT whenever a new session is established. The image filenames are of the form PTnnnn.PTI where nnnn is a 4 digit number, e.g., PT0005.PTI. Whenever you switch sessions, the screen image, as well as all of the terminal settings for the session you are switching from, will be saved to an image file. Image files will be created in the directory specified by the PTDIR environment variable, or if PTDIR is not defined, in the directory you were in when PopTerm/NVT was started. Whenever PopTerm/NVT is started, the program will attempt to delete all image files that are found. If the specified directory is on a NetWare server, image files that are in use by another user will not be deleted. If you change the PTDIR variable, it is possible that image files may not be deleted from the old directory. You may attempt to delete *.PTI files whenever you wish, since any image files that are in use will not be deleted. Buffer Files (*.PTB) ==================== Buffer files are temporary files used by PopTerm/NVT to save any data in the local NVT Network buffers whenever you switch sessions or go to the Control Panel or Connection Manager. A buffer file will only be created if data is flowing from the host at the time the switch takes place. The data will then be displayed on the screen when you switch back into the original session. The buffer file will then be deleted. The buffer files are of the form PTnnnn.PTB where nnnn is a 4 digit number, e.g., PT0005.PTB. Buffer files will be created in the directory specified by the PTDIR environment variable, or if PTDIR is not defined, in the directory you were in when PopTerm/NVT was started. ----------------------------------------------------------------- HINT: It is possible that buffer files may not get deleted from a directory if a user turns off his computer before switching back to the session in which the buffer file was created. If you find buffer files on a NetWare server, you should only delete those files that are at least one day old. ----------------------------------------------------------------- UNLOCK.EXE ========== The UNLOCK.EXE program allows Rational Data Systems technical support personnel to upgrade the licensing parameters for simultaneous user and server counts via telephone or fax. ----------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: The UNLOCK.EXE program must be located in the same directory as PT.EXE at the time UNLOCK.EXE is run. ----------------------------------------------------------------- Map Source Files (*.SRC) ======================== These are keyboard map source files. Keyboard Map Files (*.MAP) ========================== These are the compiled versions of .SRC files. They are the map files actually used by PopTerm/NVT. Special Configurations There are five options to PopTerm/NVT that may be used for individual workstations. This is done by setting the PTCFG environment variable on the workstation. Each of the options is separated by a space. For example, the following specifies the MONO option and changes the Hotkey to Ctrl-Alt-[: set PTCFG=MONO HOTKEY-26,12 ----------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: There must be a space between each option and there must be no spaces within the HOTKEY option. ----------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------- HINT: You can add this command to your AUTOEXEC.BAT file. ----------------------------------------------------------------- MONO On some PC's the graphics card does not properly indicate the presence of a monochrome monitor. If you have a monochrome PC and PopTerm/NVT does not seem to display properly in the Control Panel or Connection Manager, use the MONO option and the program will force the display to be monochrome. INT10 PopTerm/NVT uses direct writes to video memory in order to increase speed. On some PC's this may not work properly. If you are having problems with displays in PopTerm/NVT, try the INT10 option. This is the standard way to display data on the screen, but it will slow down the display somewhat. MAXSESS PopTerm/NVT normally supports up to ten simultaneous sessions. However as these sessions sometimes consume valuable server resources, some users and system managers may want to restrict this to a lower number. This can be done using the MAXSESS- option which is always followed by precisely one digit in the range 1..9. For example, the following will restrict PopTerm/NVT to at most three simultaneous sessions: SET PTCFG=MAXSESS-3 NOPAN PopTerm/NVT pans active session screens in from the left and right, and rolls the Control Panel and Connection Manager in from the top. If you would prefer to turn off the panning feature, set the NOPAN option. HOTKEY PopTerm/NVT comes with the Hotkey set to Alt-=. When the program is left resident in memory, pressing the Hotkey will switch you back into the program. Some applications, however, may use Alt-=. If the Hotkey is set to Alt-=, then the application will never see that that key was pressed. This HOTKEY option allows you to set the Hotkey to a combination of keys that will not be used by any of your applications. To select a new Hotkey, you will need to determine the combination of the shift keys and the regular key that you wish to use. See the table below for the numeric values to use. Note that you add the numeric values of all of the shift keys you select. The syntax of the HOTKEY option is as follows: HOTKEY-, For example, suppose you want to use Ctrl-Alt-[ as your Hotkey. First find the '[' key in the Regular Key Table. It has a numeric value of 26. Then find the Ctrl and Alt keys in the Shift Key Table. These keys have values 4 and 8 respectively. Add the shift key values together to get 12. The PTCFG option for the Hotkey would then be HOTKEY-26,12 ----------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: You cannot use any of the PopTerm/NVT Alt keys as your Hotkey. The easiest way to avoid this is not to use the Alt key followed by a letter, number, or function key. For example Alt-[ would be fine, but Alt-F1 or Alt-P would not. ----------------------------------------------------------------- Regular Key Table ================= The following table lists the regular key values to be used when changing the hot key value via the HOTKEY option: Key Value -------------------- ESC 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 9 9 10 0 11 - 12 = 13 Backspace 14 Tab 15 Q 16 W 17 E 18 R 19 T 20 Y 21 U 22 I 23 O 24 P 25 [ 26 ] 27 Enter 28 A 30 S 31 D 32 F 33 G 34 H 35 J 36 K 37 L 38 ; 39 ' 40 ` 41 \ 42 Z 44 X 45 C 46 V 47 B 48 N 49 M 50 , 51 . 52 / 53 PrtSc 55 F1 59 F2 60 F3 61 F4 62 F5 63 F6 64 F7 65 F8 66 F9 67 F10 68 Home 71 Up 72 PgUp 73 Minus 74 Left 75 Right 77 End 79 Down 80 PgDn 81 Ins 82 Del 83 Shift Key Table =============== The following table lists the shift key values to be used when changing the hot key via the HOTKEY option: Key Value -------------------- Right Shift 1 Left Shift 2 Ctrl 4 Alt 8 Scroll Lock 16 Num Lock 32 Caps Lock 64 Alt Key Reference In All Situations ================= Alt-H Help Alt-R Exit PopTerm/NVT and remove the program from memory. Alt-X Exit PopTerm/NVT and leave the program resident in memory. If the Hotkey is pressed while in the program, it is the same as pressing Alt-X. While in an Active Session ========================== Alt-P Go to the Control Panel. Alt-C Go to the Connection Manager. Alt-F1..Alt-F10 Switch to session 1 through 10. If no session is open for the number indicated, no switch will occur. You can also use the Alt-1 through Alt-0 keys on the main keyboard for the same purpose. ----------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: These keys may be remapped. Refer to the section in this manual on keyboard remapping for more information. ----------------------------------------------------------------- Alt-D Disconnect from the current session. If other sessions are active, then a switch will occur to another session after the disconnection. If no other sessions are active, then the Connection Manager will appear. Alt-L Log to a file. Enter a file name to to which PopTerm/NVT will copy all characters received. The word 'Log' will appear on the 25th line to indicate that logging is active. Press Alt-L again to turn logging off. ----------------------------------------------------------------- HINT: The logging facility is often useful in determining exactly what byte sequences are being sent to PopTerm/NVT. ----------------------------------------------------------------- Alt-T Transmit a file. Enter a file name. The program will then send the data in the file to the host as if you had typed the data. Alt-O Send all data only to the printer. No characters will appear on the main screen while in this mode. The message 'PrO' will appear on the 25th line. Press Alt-O again to return to the screen only mode. Alt-N Send all data to the printer and the screen. The message 'Pr' will appear on the 25th line. Press Alt-N again to return to the screen only mode. While in the Connection Manager =============================== Alt-P Go to the Control Panel. Alt-L Load a session file. Enter a session file name. This option will then load that session file and attempt to connect to the server named in that file. Esc Return to the active session. While in the Control Panel ========================== Alt-L Load a session file. Enter the session file name. The terminal settings for the current session will be changed to those in the new session file. Alt-S Save a session file. Enter the session file name. If the file exists, you will be asked whether you wish to overwrite it. All of the current terminal settings, including the server name, will be saved in the session file. ESCape If you entered the Control Panel from an active session, ESCape will return you to the session. If you entered from the Connection Manager, then ESCape will return you there. Error Messages The following provides a more detailed explanation of error messages which are generated by PopTerm/NVT. They are presented alphabetically. Access denied When sharing files on a NetWare Server it is possible that you will try to access a file for which you do not currently have reading or writing privileges. Contact your NetWare systems administrator to resolve the problem. Critical Disk Error Number If this error occurs, your disk drive may have a serious problem. Record the error number and have your disk checked. If no problem can be found, contact Rational Data Systems or your PopTerm/NVT supplier. Disk full The disk indicated is full. You should immediately exit PopTerm/NVT and make additional disk space available. Drive Not Ready If this error occurs while you are running PopTerm/NVT from a floppy drive, this usually indicates that either the drive door is open or the disk was not properly inserted. Reload the disk and repeat the operation. If this error occurs while you are running from a hard disk, this may indicate serious disk drive problems. Error Receiving from Host. Session will be closed. A network error has occurred for the current session. This usually indicates that the NetWare server has gone down or a cable has been disconnected. There will usually be a pause of about 10 seconds before this error occurs. Once you press a key the session will be closed, and you will be switched to another active session. File exists This error should not occur under normal operation and may indicate a disk or program problem. File locked If you are sharing PopTerm/NVT files on a NetWare Server, it is possible that under rare conditions that a file will be locked by another user. If this error occurs, simply repeat whatever operation you were attempting. File not found This message may occur in several situations. The most common situation is if you are attempting to load a session file and enter a file name that does not exist. It will also appear if the program cannot find a prompt or help file. This is usually due to these files being in a different directory from the directory where the PT.EXE file is located. Invalid file argument This error should not occur under normal operation and may indicate a disk or program problem. Invalid security key This message indicates that the security key on your copy of PT.EXE does not properly match the serial number. If the error occurs, you will be unable to run until technical support provides you with a new key. Invalid session file version This message indicates that the session file that is currently being read is incompatible with the current version of PopTerm/NVT. This should only occur when using a new version of PopTerm/NVT. You will need to re-enter the settings in the Control Panel and save the session file under the same name. This will save the file in the new format. This message may occur on starting PopTerm/NVT if the DEFAULT.SES file is incompatible. No IPX Sockets The maximum number of IPX Sockets has been reached. To increase the number available, modify or create a new file called NET.CFG. This is the file which is used to configure IPX. Place the file in the directory you will be in when IPX is started. If you start IPX from your AUTOEXEC.BAT file, place NET.CFG in the root directory. Add or modify the line, IPX SOCKETS = where is the current value. The value should be at least 20. If the value was already 10 or more, then increase it by 10. This should provide you with enough IPX Sockets. You will need to reboot and reload IPX for the new value to take effect. No remote login ports available. This error message occurs when all of the available NVT connections on the server are currently in use. Unlike other error messages, this message is sent as text from the server, so it will appear in the main screen in place of the login prompt. No further activity can occur within this session until another user frees up a connection. If this error occurs often, you may want to have the number of connections that are currently configured on the server increased. Contact your systems administrator for assistance. Printer Not Ready This indicates that the printer is off, off-line or out of paper. Correct the problem and retry the last operation. Too many files open This error may occur if you are running other applications along with PopTerm/NVT. The solution is to see that in your CONFIG.SYS file that FILES= is set to at least 30. This may need to be greater than 30 for some applications. Too many PopTerm/NVT users connected. PopTerm/NVT is sold in different versions based on the number of users that can use the program at a time. This error message will occur if you try to start the program when the maximum number of users is currently using PopTerm/NVT. You will have to wait until another user exits PopTerm/NVT before you will be able to restart the program. If this error occurs often, you may want to upgrade PopTerm/NVT to a higher user count. Contact your systems administrator for assistance. Unable to Connect to Server While in the connection manager, if there is a problem with the server that you have selected, a connection may fail. Contact your NetWare systems administrator if this occurs. This error will occur if you are attempting to connect by using Alt-L to load a session file, and if the name in the file is not a valid server name or if that server is not running. Write-Protect Disk This error will only occur if you are running PopTerm/NVT on a floppy drive with a write-protected disk. Simply remove the write-protection tab and repeat the operation. PopTerm/NVT for Windows PopTerm/NVT is a family of multi-session LAN-based terminal emulation software packages designed specifically for use with NetWare for Unix. PopTerm/NVT for Windows emulates VT-52, VT-102 and VT-220 terminals on IBM PC, XT, AT, PS/2 and compatible computers under Microsoft Windows 3.x. Features ======== PopTerm/NVT for Windows includes the following features: * VT-xxx Emulation PopTerm/NVT for Windows emulates the important features of Digital Equipment's popular VT-52, VT-102 and VT-220 terminals. * Integrated NVT NetWare Virtual Terminal (NVT) is the LAN-based protocol for terminal emulation in conjunction with NetWare for Unix. While many emulators are NVT compatible, PopTerm/NVT is the first emulator to actually include enhanced functionality of Novell's NVT.EXE within the emulator itself. * Multiple Sessions Multiple instances of PopTerm/NVT, each consisting of a single session, may be run at each workstation. These sessions may be on a single or separate NetWare for Unix servers. PopTerm/NVT accomplishes this without the need for additional software on the NetWare for Unix server. * Internationalization PopTerm/NVT is a truly international product. In addition to support for most character sets, a pull-down menu option instantly switches PopTerm/NVT's prompts and messages between languages. * Remappable Keyboard To support applications which expect a variety of keyboard layouts as well as the unique requirements of many non-U.S. keyboards, PopTerm/NVT supports redefining or remapping of most of the keyboard character codes. * Network Ready PopTerm/NVT's simple installation and management procedures are designed for the multi-user environment. Individual session files retain host-specific data and each user's preferences for colors, languages and other emulation attributes. * Keyboard Macros PopTerm NVT supports user-programmable function keys or macros. * Restrictions While PopTerm supports all of the most commonly used functions of the DEC VTxxx terminals, it does not support downloadable fonts or the DEC Technical Character Set. Installation Installation Checklist ====================== Before installing PopTerm/NVT for Windows, check the following items: READ.ME ======= Print and read the file READ.ME. It contains information and documentation which supersedes this User's Guide. It is a simple ASCII file which you can view with an editor such as NOTEPAD.EXE. IPX === If you are using the NetWare ODI drivers, check your version of IPXODI.COM by changing to the directory where your IPXODI.COM driver is located and entering the following MS-DOS command: IPXODI ? The IPXODI version number will be displayed. You must have an IPXODI version 1.10 or later. If you are using a non-ODI IPX.COM, check your version of IPX.COM by changing to the directory where your IPX.COM driver is located and entering the following MS-DOS command: IPX -I The IPX version number will be displayed. If your IPX is older than 3.02A, you must build a new IPX.COM. Refer to your NetWare documentation for details on building a new IPX.COM Load NetWare Drivers ==================== The NetWare IPX driver (IPX.COM) and Shell (NETX.EXE) must be loaded before you start Windows. There are many versions of these files, some specific to versions of MS-DOS, some which can be loaded into high memory, etc. Refer to your NetWare documentation for complete details on the NetWare IPX driver and Shell. Standard Mode Support ===================== If you intend to run Windows in Standard Mode, you must load either TBMI.COM or TBMI2.COM prior to running Windows. These files may be found on the PopTerm/NVT release diskette and should be copied to an appropriate directory on your hard disk or file server. If you are using a release of MS-DOS prior to 5.0, and you are running Windows 3.0 or 3.0a, use TBMI.COM. Otherwise use TBMI2.COM. NetWare Under Windows ===================== Start Windows and run the Windows Setup utility which is usually found in the Main program group. Check to see that the NetWork item is set to NetWare. If it is not, refer to your Windows documentation for instructions regarding the installation of NetWare under Windows. Loading TBMI* from a Batch File =============================== If you are required to run TBMI2.COM or TBMI.COM, you will find it helpful to create a batch file which loads it, starts Windows, and then unloads it when you exit Windows. Here is what the batch file should look like: C:\PTWIN\TBMI2 C:\WINDOWS\WIN C:\PTWIN\TBMI2 /U Change the paths as required if your files are located elsewhere. If you already have a batch file to start Windows, add the lines containing TBMI2 to it. If you need to use TBMI.COM instead of TBMI2.COM, edit the batch file to remove the "2" from each line. SETUP.EXE Start Windows ============= SETUP.EXE is a Windows-based program. It cannot be run from the MS-DOS command line. Run SETUP.EXE ============= Insert the release diskette into a diskette drive. Select the Run option from the Windows Program Manager File menu. Enter your disk drive's identifier followed by "SETUP": a:setup The Setup program will prompt you for the drive and directory into which you want to install PopTerm. After you have entered the directory, select Continue and the installation will proceed. Starting PopTerm/NVT ==================== Once the installation is complete, you will see the PopTerm/NVT icon. Double-click on the icon and the program will start. Select Connect from the Server menu, select a server, and you should be presented with the login prompt from your Unix host. If No Servers Appear ==================== If no servers are shown in the list, it is usually attributable to one of the following causes. First, NVT may not be running or may not be configured properly on your NetWare for Unix server. See your NetWare for Unix documentation for instructions on how to enable NVT using the sconsole utility. Second, the IPX driver on your PC may not be configured properly. Can you connect to your NetWare for Unix file server as an ordinary NetWare client (i.e., for file and print service)? If not, then refer to your NetWare documentation for instructions on configuring your IPX and LAN adaptor. If neither of these suggestions solves the problem, use NVT.EXE as a diagnostic tool as described below. Testing with NVT.EXE ==================== Your NetWare for Unix software includes an MS-DOS program called NVT.EXE which is used by other terminal emulators to communicate with NetWare for Unix's NVT. The functionality of NVT.EXE is contained within PopTerm/NVT, so NVT.EXE should not be used with PopTerm/NVT. You can, however, use NVT.EXE to test the ability to make a connection to the server. First exit Windows and return to the MS-DOS prompt. Do not attempt to run NVT.EXE from within a Windows DOS Box. Locate the NVT.EXE program which was supplied with your NetWare for Unix software. Load NVT.EXE from the MS-DOS prompt by typing: NVT Press Alt-T to bring up the list of available NVT servers. The list you see using NVT.EXE should be the same as that displayed using PopTerm/NVT. To unload NVT.EXE, press ESCape to return to the MS-DOS command line and enter the following command: NVT -y If servers are displayed using NVT.EXE but not with PopTerm/NVT, contact Rational Data Systems or your supplier for assistance. If no servers are displayed using either NVT.EXE or PopTerm/NVT, the problem is not within PopTerm/NVT. PopTerm/NVT Files PopTerm/NVT for Windows includes the following files: PopTerm Directory ================= POPTERM.EXE The PopTerm/NVT for Windows Program POPHELP.HLP The Help file PTW-TEXT.* Menu and dialog box text for the supported languages KEYBOARD.MAP The standard keyboard map file KEYBOARD.SRC The source file for KEYBOARD.MAP KEYCOMP.EXE The keyboard map file compiler KEYTEST.EXE Keyboard scan code test utility SESSIONS Directory ================== DEFAULT.SES The default session file. Other session files you create will also be placed here. WINDOWS Directory ================= POPTERM.INI This is where various PopTerm/NVT parameters are stored. WINDOWS\SYSTEM Directory ======================== NWCORE.DLL These are the Dynamic Link Libraries required to NWBIND.DLL support PopTerm/NVT for Windows. They are supplied NWMISC.DLL by Novell. The .DLL files are also supplied with NWIPXSPX.DLL other programs such as Workstation for Windows. NETWARE.DRV Programs may only be compatible with specific versions of these programs. WUNLOCK.EXE If you desire to expand your license to support a larger number of simultaneous users of PopTerm/NVT for Windows, a Rational Data Systems technician or your authorized distributor can give you instructions via telephone or FAX to re-configure your serialized copy of PopTerm/NVT for Windows using this utility. RELEASE.TXT This ASCII text file contains information which is more recent than that contained in this User's Guide. Installation on a NetWare Server Introduction ============ This section discusses various issues related to installation of the PopTerm/NVT files on a NetWare server instead of installation on individual workstations. Security and Sharing ==================== The location (and therefore privacy) of session files is controlled by settings in the POPTERM.INI file. If Windows has been installed separately for each user (i.e., in different directories on the server), you have a choice as to whether or not users will share session files. If all users execute Windows from a single directory, they will share a session file directory and the session files it contains. The location of the directory to be used for each user's session files is controlled by the following line within POPTERM.INI. Therefore, if multiple users share a single POPTERM.INI file, they will also share all session files. The syntax within POPTERM.INI for defining the session file directory is as follows: [popterm] Default Directory=C:\PTWIN\ Default Session Directory=C:\PTWIN\SESSIONS\ x=4 y=4 w=652 h=383 Windows=3 Max=0 You may edit this file using any standard ASCII text file editor such as the Windows Notepad. Change the pathname following the equal sign to reflect the location of the session file directory for this (or all) users. Operation In addition to the main area in which terminal emulation is displayed, the PopTerm/NVT screen has three other sections: Tabs ==== The tab ruler shows the current setting of horizontal tab stops. It can be displayed or hidden by the Terminal/Show Tabs menu option. Control Panel ============= The control panel displays the current column and row position of the cursor; and the current state of the four light-emitting diodes (LEDs) on the VT-102 keyboard. The Logging field will display "Off", "Printer", "File" or "Both" to indicate the current file logging mode. Menus ===== The pages that follow describe each of the PopTerm/NVT menu options in detail. File Menu Open Select Open to open an existing Session File. All of the settings that you previously saved in the Session File will be loaded and will become the settings for your current session, or for the next session if you are not connected. If you are not currently connected to a server when you select OK, the program will attempt to connect you to the server name that is in the Session File. Save Select Save to save all of your current settings to the current Session File. If you have not previously loaded a Session File, a dialog box will appear which will let you enter the name of the Session File to be saved. Save As This will save your current settings to a new Session File. You may select the directory and enter the Session File name in the dialog box. You can also enter a Server Name to be saved in the Session File. Printer Setup This option allows you to change any of the print options for your printers. If you have more than one printer, a list of printers will first appear from which you can select a printer. You will then be presented with a dialog box with the options for that printer. The options available will be different for different printers. Once you have selected the printer and set the options, then all subsequent Print Screens or Printer Echos will use the selected printer and options. Any changes made here will only effect printing in PopTerm/NVT and not in other applications. Print Screen Print Screen prints a copy of the current PopTerm/NVT window. It will print 24 rows by either 80 or 132 columns. Print Screen sends text to the printer, not a graphic image of the screen. Exit Exit will close the PopTerm/NVT window. If you are currently connected, a dialog box will appear to confirm that you want to disconnect from the current session. Edit Menu Copy The Copy command will copy the currently selected text into the Windows Clipboard. Text can be selected by clicking with the mouse at the beginning of the selection and dragging the mouse to the end of the selection, or by using the Select All command. Paste The Paste command will take whatever currently resides on the Windows Clipboard and send it to the host. Paste will only send text to the host. Any graphic images on the Clipboard will be ignored. For further information on the Windows Clipboard, refer to your Windows documentation. Select All Select All will cause all of the text in the entire PopTerm window to become selected. This may include areas that are not currently visible in the window. Erase Screen Erase Screen erases all the data from the display. ----------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: Erase Screen is a local operation and does not communicate with the host computer system. ----------------------------------------------------------------- Terminal Menu Macros The Macros dialog box allows you to enter messages of up to 100 characters each that will be sent to the host whenever a macro function key is pressed. The default macro function keys are Ctrl-Shift-F1 through Ctrl-Shift-F6. You can enter a control characters in a Macro by preceding the control character with the "^" (Shift-6) symbol. For example, to send control-C to the host, enter ^C in the Macro field. If you want to send ESCape sequences to the host, you can enter "^[" (caret followed by a left square bracket) to place an ESCape character in a macro. Settings The Terminal Settings option displays a window allowing you to examine and change the following emulation modes: * Terminal Type Enter the type of terminal emulation desired, either DEC VT-52, DEC VT-102, DEC VT-220 in 7-bit mode or VT-220 in 8-bit mode. The setting here must match the TERM variable on the UNIX server. * Columns Indicate whether to display in 80 column or 132 column mode. * Cursor Shape Select either a Block or Underline cursor. * Cursor Rate Enter a Cursor Blink Rate. 1=Slowest. 5=Fastest. * Auto Wrap Check this box if you want characters to wrap around to the next line whenever a character is displayed in the last column. * Auto Line Feed Check this box if you want each carriage return that is sent to the host to be followed by a line feed. * Key Click Check this box if you want an audible click with each keystroke. * Margin Bell Check this box if you want a beep whenever you are 8 characters from the end of a line. * Reverse Video Check this box if you want the foreground and background colors to be reversed. * ANSI Colors If your host computer will send ANSI color commands, then selecting this option will enable PopTerm/NVT for Windows to display the ANSI colors. The colors displayed will override the normal foreground/background color selections. * Answer Back Enter a message to be returned to the host whenever a Read Status request is sent from the host. * Font Select a font and point size from the list. Language The Language option displays a window allowing you to examine and change various language-specific options. * Language Select the language in which all menus and dialog boxes will be displayed. * Character Set Select the appropriate National Replacement Character Set. Colors Select the Foreground and Background colors. When you select a color, the Sample Text at the top of the dialog box will show you how the current color combination will appear. The colors you select may be changed by ANSI ESCape sequences transmitted by your host applications if ANSI is selected in the Settings dialog box. ----------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: The first color show in the Background Color list is the color selected in the Windows Control Panel as your standard Windows background color. ----------------------------------------------------------------- Printer Echo Whenever the Printer Echo menu option is checked, all text that is displayed in the PopTerm window will be echoed to the currently selected printer. To turn off Printer Echo, select the menu item again. File Echo If you select File Echo, then a dialog box will appear in which you can enter a file name. Once you enter the name and press OK, all data that is sent from the host and displayed in the window will also be written to the file. To stop writing to the file, select the menu item again. Show Tabs Whenever the Show Tabs menu option is checked, the Tab Bar will appear at the top of the PopTerm window. You can change the tab settings at any time by clicking on the Tab Bar or by selecting Clear Tabs or Default Tabs from the menu. To remove the Tab Bar, click on the Show Tabs option again. Show Status Whenever the Show Status menu option is checked, the Status Bar will appear at the bottom of the screen. The Status Bar indicates the current row and column of the cursor, the LED lights for VT-102 and VT-220 terminals, and whether File Echo and/or Printer Echo are currently on. To remove the Status Bar, click on the Show Status menu option again. Clear Tabs When the Tab Bar is currently showing, clicking on Clear Tabs will remove all Tab settings. Default Tabs When the Tab Bar is currently showing, clicking on Default Tabs will set a tab at the 9th column, and at every 8th column thereafter. Send File The Send File option allows you to send a file to the host. A dialog box will appear asking for the name of the file to send. The file will be sent to the host as if you had typed the information from the keyboard. It is recommended that the Send File option only be used for sending text files. Server Menu When you choose the Server menu, only one of the items, Connect or Disconnect, can be selected. If you have a currently active session, then the Disconnect item can be selected. If there is no active session, then the Connect item can be selected. Connect The Connect option first presents a list of the currently available servers. When you select a server, the program will try to connect you to that server. If it is successful you will be presented with the login prompt from the host. ----------------------------------------------------------------- HINT: You may need to hit the Enter key once or twice before you receive the login prompt. ----------------------------------------------------------------- You can also connect to a server using a previously saved session file as described later. Disconnect When you select the Disconnect option, you will first be presented with a dialog box to confirm that you want to disconnect. If you select Yes, your session with the host will be terminated. ----------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: Exiting PopTerm/NVT while a session is active will perform a Disconnect on that session. ----------------------------------------------------------------- Session Files Session Files contain a server name, macros, terminal settings, colors, language, font, character set, and tab settings. Session files are created by selecting Save As from the File Menu. All of the settings for the current session will be saved in the Session File. You can select the directory in which to place the Session File. A different Session File can be loaded for the current session by selecting Open in the File Menu. The settings from that Session File will become the new settings for the current session. PopTerm/NVT is installed with a Default Session File which is called DEFAULT.SES. Whenever PopTerm/NVT is started, if no Session Files are indicated on the command line, the program will load the Default Session File and attempt to establish a connection with the server named in that file. You can change the settings and the server name in the Default Session File by selecting Save As from the File Menu, and saving the session to file name DEFAULT.SES. POPTERM.INI =========== The Setup program creates a file called POPTERM.INI in your Windows main directory. This file contains a single section which contains entries of the form, [popterm] Default Directory= Default Session Directory= x=4 y=4 w=652 h=383 Windows=3 Max=0 where is the complete path of the directory in which the PopTerm/NVT for Windows files are loaded, and is the directory in which session files will be stored. For example, Default Directory=C:\PTWIN\ Default Session Directory=C:\PTWIN\SESSIONS\ If you would like to store your session files in a different directory, change the Default Session Directory. You should copy DEFAULT.SES to the new directory. Search Algorithm ================ The method by which PopTerm/NVT searches for session files has been carefully designed to support both single-user and LAN environments, recognizing that in a LAN environment there will be times at which users will want to share session files and other times at which they will want to use private session files. If a command line argument was specified via the Program Item Property or via the Run command, PopTerm/NVT uses the following logic: * If a filename extension was specified, it is removed. * The extension ".SES" is appended. * If a drive or path was specified, only that drive or path is searched. * If no drive or path was specified, PopTerm/NVT searches first in the Default Session Directory specified in the POPTERM.INI file (see above), then in the current directory. * If the specified session file is not found, an error dialog box is displayed. If no command line argument is specified * PopTerm/NVT first looks for the file DEFAULT.SES using the Default Session Directory specified in POPTERM.INI, then in the current directory. If DEFAULT.SES is not found, PopTerm/NVT will start using internal default parameters. Multiple Session Support You may start as many sessions of PopTerm/NVT for Windows as you like by starting multiple copies of PopTerm/NVT. There are two features of the product which will help you keep track of separate sessions. Session Files ============= For ad-hoc sessions, select the Server/Connect menu option then click on the server to which you want to connect. If you want to connect to that server in the future, create a session file for that server. First set the appropriate options from the Terminal menu, then select the File/Save As option. Use a filename that will remind you of the server or the application to which you are connecting. The next time you want to connect to the same server, place the name of the session file on the command line after the PopTerm/NVT program name. For example, if you save a session file named UNIX4.SES, under the Program Manager select the Run option and enter: POPTERM.EXE UNIX4 This will start a PopTerm/NVT session with the same attributes and settings that you had previously saved. You may want to create additional PopTerm/NVT program items using the Program Manager's File/New menu option. Each one can specify running PopTerm with a different session file. Icons ===== When you reduce a PopTerm/NVT session to an icon, the text that appears below the icon is the name of the session file currently in use. You can choose your session file names to help you keep track of multiple sessions. You should also consider setting a different background color for each PopTerm/NVT session. When a session is reduced to an icon, the background color of the icon is the same as the background color of the full-sized PopTerm/NVT screen. Fonts and Character Sets PopTerm/NVT allows you to change the display font and size via the Terminal/Settings dialog box. Only fixed pitch (monospaced) fonts appear on the list. TrueType fonts may be used in 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 24, 30, 36 and 48 point. You can use non-TrueType fonts in any point size supported by those fonts. Window Size =========== If the display window is not large enough to display all the data on the emulated terminal's screen, PopTerm/NVT will display vertical and/or horizontal scroll bars as necessary. To resize the window to display exactly the 24x80 or 24x132 column image, select the Terminal/24x80 (or 132) Window menu operation. If the screen and font sizes permit the full image to be displayed, the scroll bars will disappear. If you reduce the font size, the active display area will be less than that used by PopTerm/NVT. Select the Terminal/24x80 (or 132) Window option to re-size the window to the optimum dimensions. PopTerm/NVT saves the current window size in the POPTERM.INI file each time you exit the program. The next time you start PopTerm/NVT, it will start with the previously saved window dimensions. Character Sets ============== PopTerm/NVT can display the DEC line-drawing set (used to draw boxes and other simple graphics) only when an OEM font is selected. The line-drawing characters are not supported by ANSI fonts. For example, Terminal is an OEM font and includes the line drawing characters, whereas Courier, an ANSI font, does not. Function Key Mapping Accelerator Keys ================ PopTerm/NVT for Windows provides a number of Windows Accelerator keys. These keys will perform certain menu functions without having to use the mouse. The keys are, Function Accelerator Key ------------------------------------- Open Alt-O Save As Alt-V Copy Ctrl-Insert Paste Shift-Insert Exit Alt-F4 Settings Alt-P Printer Echo Alt-N File Echo Alt-L Show Tabs Alt-B Show Status Alt-U Connect Alt-C Disconnect Alt-D Terminal Keys ============= The following chart indicates the default mapping of the PopTerm/NVT for Windows keys to the DEC VT-xx terminal keys. Function keys are supported for VT-52, VT-102, and VT-220. VT-xxx Key PopTerm/NVT Key ----------------------------------------- Return Enter Tab Tab Delete Delete Arrow Keys Arrow Keys Keypad "-" Keypad "-" Keypad "," Keypad "*" Keypad "." Keypad "." Keypad Enter Keypad "+" PF1..PF4 F1..F4 [PopTerm Macros] Ctrl-Shift F1..F6 Insert Insert Prev Screen Page Up Next Screen Page Down Find Ctrl-F1 Insert Ctrl-F2 Remove Ctrl-F3 Select Ctrl-F4 F6..F12 F6..F12 F11..F20 Shift-F1..F10 ----------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: The VT-xxx F11 and F12 keys may be simulated by either pressing the PC F11 and F12 keys or Shift-F1 and Shift-F2. ----------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: It is possible to remap many of the above keys. Refer to the section in this manual on keyboard remapping for more information. ----------------------------------------------------------------- Error Messages Could not open socket The maximum number of IPX Sockets has been reached. To increase the number available, modify or create a new file called NET.CFG. This is the file that is used to configure IPX. Place the file in the directory you will be in when IPX is started. If you start IPX from your AUTOEXEC.BAT file, then place NET.CFG in the root directory. Add or modify the line, IPX SOCKETS = where is the current value. This value should be at least 40. This should provide you with enough IPX Sockets. If necessary, increase by 10 sockets at a time. You will need to reboot and reload IPX for the new value to take effect. Connection to Host has failed. A network error has occurred for the current session. This usually indicates that the NVT server has gone down or a cable has been disconnected. There will usually be a pause of about 10 seconds before this error occurs. Once you press a key, you will be disconnected from that session. You may then try to re-connect or connect to another server. Invalid Security Key This message indicates that the security key on your copy of POPTERM.EXE does not properly match the serial number. If the error occurs, you will be unable to run until technical support provides you with a new key. Invalid session file version This message indicates that the session file that is currently being read is incompatible with the current version of PopTerm/NVT for Windows. This message may occur on starting PopTerm/NVT if the DEFAULT.SES file is incompatible. IPX Initialization Error # PopTerm/NVT is unable to initialize IPX. This is sometimes due to an incompatibility between the revision of IPX and NWIPXSPX.DLL. Try using the most recent versions of each of your IPX driver and NWIPXSPX.DLL. IPX must be loaded The program IPX.COM or IPXODI.COM must be loaded before you start Windows. This error indicates that PopTerm/NVT for Windows could not find IPX in memory. If this error occurs, no connections will be possible. Keyboard Mapfile not found PopTerm/NVT was unable to locate the keyboard map file. Language file not found PopTerm/NVT for Windows stores some of the text for different languages in files of the form PTW-TEXT.*. If these files are not available to the program, then when you change to a new language this error will occur. Certain prompts will then remain in the previous language. These files should be in the default directory as specified in POPTERM.INI. No remote login ports available This error message occurs when all of the available NVT connections on the server are currently in use. Unlike the other error messages, this message is sent as text from the server, so it will appear in the main screen in place of the login prompt. No further activity can occur on this session until another user frees up a connection. If this error occurs often, you may want to have the number of connections that are currently configured on the server increased. Contact your systems administrator for assistance. No timers available Under Windows, a limited number of timers are available for applications to use. If other applications are using all of the timers when PopTerm/NVT for Windows starts up, then this error will occur, and you will be unable to run the program. You may be able to free up some timers by closing another application. Out of memory There is insufficient memory to run PopTerm/NVT for Windows. Try closing another application to free up some memory. Send error PopTerm/NVT for Windows was unable to send characters to the host. This usually means that the host has stopped accepting characters from the program. Check with your systems administrator. Session file not found The Session File indicated was not found. Change the file name or the directory to load the file. This error may occur on startup if the DEFAULT.SES file cannot be found. Too many PopTerm/NVT users connected PopTerm/NVT is sold in different versions based on the number of users that can use the program at one time. This error message will occur if you try to start the program when the maximum number of users is currently using PopTerm/NVT. You will have to wait until another user exits PopTerm/NVT before you will be able to restart the program. If this error occurs often, you may want to upgrade PopTerm/NVT to a higher user count. Contact your systems administrator for assistance. Emulation Issues Introduction ============ This chapter describes in detail how PopTerm/NVT for MS-DOS and Windows emulate various terminal types. The sections of this chapter are: * Your Unix Host This section discusses various issues relating to host applications, environment settings and NVT. * VT-52 ESCape Sequences * VT-102 ESCape Sequences * VT-220 ESCape Sequences * ANSI Color Support PopTerm/NVT supports ANSI colors in both VT-102 and VT-220 modes. This section describes that support and how to modify your Unix applications to take advantage of it. * Keyboard Remapping Many of the PopTerm/NVT keyboard assignments may be changed by editing and recompiling the keyboard map as described in this section. Your Unix Host Environment Variables ===================== Some Unix applications require the proper values for certain environment variables on your host system. The manner in which this is done depends upon your host system as well as the Unix shell in use. Some examples of how these environment variables are set are shown below. ----------------------------------------------------------------- WARNING! The examples shown here are only examples. The shell commands which are right for your system will, very likely, be different. Refer to the documentation for your host Unix system and your application(s). ----------------------------------------------------------------- For running many Unix applications such as "vi": * using the C Shell: setenv TERM vt220 * using the Bourne or Korn Shells: TERM=vt220 export TERM Some applications require the setting of additional application-specific variables. For running WordPerfect/Unix, for example, add the following: * using the C Shell: setenv WPTERM vt220 * using the Bourne or Korn Shells: WPTERM=vt220 export WPTERM Configuring NVT Connections on the Server ========================================= The number of NVT connections that can be made to a single server can be configured by the system administrator for the server. NetWare for Unix provides a program called sconsole that can be run on the server to set the number of NVT connections. See your NetWare for Unix documentation for details. ----------------------------------------------------------------- HINT: Each PopTerm/NVT session requires one connection. If 10 users each have 3 sessions currently active, this requires 30 connections. If users are regularly getting the 'No remote login ports available' error message, then the number of NVT connections on the server should be increased. Some versions of NetWare for Unix will only allow a maximum of 50 NVT connections. ----------------------------------------------------------------- VT-52 Emulation Keyboard Mapping ================ In VT-52 mode, PopTerm/NVT's keyboard mapping is permanent. The function keys are mapped as follows: Keyboard DEC VT-52 Key --------------------------------- F1 PF1 F2 PF2 F3 PF3 F4 PF4 F5-F10 (used for PopTerm/NVT Macro keys) Display Function Codes ====================== PopTerm/NVT supports the following display ESCape sequences in VT-52 mode: Sequence Function --------------------------------------------------- ESC < Enter ANSI Mode ESC A Cursor Up ESC B Cursor Down ESC C Cursor Right ESC D Cursor Left ESC H Cursor Home ESC Y Cursor Position (ow,olumn) ESC K Erase to end of line ESC J Erase to end of screen ESC Z Request Device Reply ESC = Keypad Application Mode ESC > Keypad Numeric Mode ESC I Reverse Line Feed VT-102 Emulation PopTerm/NVT supports the following display ESCape sequences in VT-102 and TV-102/AC modes: Sequence Function --------------------------------------------------- ESC #3 Dbl-top ESC #4 Dbl-Bottom ESC #5 Single ESC #6 Dbl-Wide ESC [m Attributes (=0-7) ESC [m Attributes (=22-27) ESC [m ANSI Colors (=30-37, 40-47) ESC 7 Save Cursor ESC 8 Restore Cursor ESC D Cursor Down ESC E Cursor to Start of Next Line ESC M Cursor Up ESC [A Cursor Up ESC [B Cursor Down ESC [C Cursor Right ESC [D Cursor Left ESC [H Cursor at ESC [f Cursor at ESC [r Set Scrolling Region op;ottom Within the following group, replace "h" with "l" to achieve the opposite result: ESC [20h Auto Linefeed Off/On ESC [?1h Application/Cursor Mode ESC [?2h VT-52 mode ESC [?3h 132/80 Column ESC [?4h Smooth/Jump scrolling ESC [?5h Reverse/Normal Screen ESC [?6h Relative/Abs. Origin ESC [?7h Char. Wrap On/Off ESC = Application Keypad Mode ESC > Numeric Keypad Mode ESC [i Print Screen ESC [?1i Print Cursor Line ESC [5i Print to Printer Only ESC [4i Print to Screen Only ESC [?5i Print to Printer and Screen ESC [?4i Print to Screen Only ESC [M Delete lines ESC [P Delete chars ESC [L Insert lines ESC [@ Insert chars ESC [X Erase chars ESC [K Erase to end-of-line ESC [1K Erase from start of line ESC [2K Erase line ESC [J Erase to end-of-screen ESC [1J Erase from start-of-screen ESC [2J Erase screen ESC H Set Tab at Column ESC [g Clear Tab ESC [3g Clear all tabs ESC [0q All Leds off ESC [1q Set LED 1 ESC [2q Set LED 2 ESC [3q Set LED 3 ESC [4q Set LED 4 ESC [c Request device reply ESC [Z Request device reply ESC [5n Device Status request ESC [6n Cursor Position request ESC #8 Screen Alignment Pattern SI Map G0 into GL SO Map G1 into GL In the following sequences, refers to a single character selected from the Character Sets which follows: ESC ( G0 is c ESC ) G1 is c Character Sets ============== The following codes may be used to replace in the above character set selection commands: B ASCII 0 Special Graphics (Line) A British 4 Dutch 5 or C Finnish R French 9 or Q French Canada K German Y Italian ' or E or 6 Norwegian/Dutch Z Spanish 7 or H Swedish = Swiss VT-220 Emulation Special Codes ============= The following are ASCII codes with values greater than 127 (decimal) which, therefore, operate only while the emulator is in 8-bit mode. Code Function ---------------------------------------------- IND Index NEL Next Line HTS Hor. Tab Set RI Reverse Index SS2 Single-Shift G2 SS3 Single-Shift G3 DCS Device-Control String CSI Control Sequence Intro ST String Terminator ESCape Sequences ================ PopTerm/NVT supports the following display ESCape sequences in addition to those specified for VT-102 emulation while in VT-220 mode: Code Function -------------------------------------------- ESC P Same as DCS ESC \ Same as ST ESC F Select 7-bit Commands ESC G Select 8-bit Commands CSI "q Select erasable ESC 7 Save Cursor ESC 8 Restore Cursor Within the following group, replace "h" with "l" to perform the alternative function: CSI 2h Lock/Unlock Keyboard CSI 4h Insert/Replace Mode CSI 12h Local Echo On/Off CSI ?18h Print FF after PrSc CSI ?19h PrSc is Full Screen or Scrolling Region CSI ?25h Hide/Display cursor CSI 61"p Set VT-100 mode CSI 62"p Set VT-220 8-bit CSI 62;0"p Set VT-220 8-bit CSI 62;2"p Set VT-220 8-bit CSI 62;1"p Set VT-220 7-bit CSI M Delete lines CSI P Delete chars CSI L Insert lines CSI @ Insert chars CSI X Erase chars on line CSI ?0K Erase EOL erasable CSI ?1K Erase SOL erasable CSI ?2K Erase Line erasable CSI ?0J Erase EOS erasable CSI ?1J Erase SOS erasable CSI ?2J Erase screen erasable CSI c Device attribute request ESC Z Device attribute request CSI >c Secondary device attribute CSI ?15n Printer status request CSI ?25n User-Defined Keys Locked CSI ?26n Keyboard Language CSI !p Soft Terminal Reset ESC c Hard Reset ESC ~ Map G1 into GR ESC n Map G2 into GL ESC } Map G2 into GR ESC o Map G3 into GL ESC | Map G3 into GR ESC N Map G2 into GL for next char only ESC O Map G3 into Gl for next char only In the following sequences, refers to a single character selected from the Character Sets which follows: ESC ( G0 is c ESC ) G1 is c Character Sets ============== The following codes may be used to replace in the above character set selection commands: B ASCII 0 Special Graphics (Line) A British 4 Dutch 5 or C Finnish R French 9 or Q French Canada K German Y Italian ' or E or 6 Norwegian/Dutch Z Spanish 7 or H Swedish = Swiss ESC * Set G2 Character Set ESC + Set G3 Character Set ANSI Color Support PopTerm/NVT supports ANSI color commands sent from the host. When a color command is received, the program will display subsequently received characters using the new background and/or foreground colors which will become the configured colors for this session and will be shown on the Control Panel. If the colors are subsequently changed through the Control Panel, the Control Panel settings will override the last ANSI color command. MS-DOS ====== To use ANSI color commands with the DOS version of PopTerm/NVT, you must select a terminal type of VT-102/AC or VT-220 via the Control Panel. If you select VT-52 or VT-102 as your terminal type, all color commands will be ignored. If you switch from VT-102/AC or VT-220 to VT-52 or VT-102, ANSI color information on the screen will be removed, and the screen will appear in the selected foreground and background colors. Windows ======= To enable ANSI colors in PopTerm/NVT for Windows, check the ANSI Color box on the Terminal/Settings dialog box. Underline Colors (DOS Only) =========================== Since the PC cannot display underlines in color when using the standard font, PopTerm/NVT DOS allows the user to choose a color in which underline characters will be displayed. Since the application at the host end will not know what the underline color selection will be, it is possible that an ANSI color command could render underline characters unreadable. For example, if the user selects red as his underline color, and the host then sends a command for a white foreground and a red background, then underlined characters would appear as red-on-red spaces. To avoid this problem, PopTerm/NVT for DOS selects a new underline color for the user whenever an ANSI color command is received. This will override the value that is selected in the Control Panel. The underline color that PopTerm/NVT selects will always be different from the current foreground or background color. ----------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: PopTerm/NVT for Windows displays true underlines. ----------------------------------------------------------------- ESCape Sequences ================ The ESCape sequence that can be sent from the host is in the standard VT-100 form,: ESC [ # ;...; # m where the #'s are replaced by one or more of the following parameters. Parameter Attributes ---------------------------------------- 0 All Attributes Off 1 Bold On 4 Underscore On 5 Blink On 7 Reverse Video On 30 Black Foreground 31 Red Foreground 32 Green Foreground 33 Yellow Foreground 34 Blue Foreground 35 Magenta Foreground 36 Cyan Foreground 37 White Foreground 40 Black Background 41 Red Background 42 Green Background 43 Yellow Background 44 Blue Background 45 Magenta Background 46 Cyan Background 47 White Background For example, the following sequence will cause the display to appear in a yellow foreground on a blue background: ESC [33;44m Keyboard Remapping Introduction ============ PopTerm/NVT allows you to remap the keyboard in order to modify the characters which are transmitted to your Unix host when keys are pressed. Map files start as editable ASCII text files (with the extension .SRC) which are then compiled by the KEYCOMP.EXE utility. The resulting binary files (with the extension .MAP) are used by PopTerm/NVT to perform keyboard mapping at runtime. Default Map =========== When started, PopTerm/NVT normally loads the default keyboard map file, KEYBOARD.MAP, which must be in the same directory as the program. Command Line ============ You can specify a different keyboard map file on the command line using the following syntax under MS-DOS: PT /K or the following under Windows: POPTERM /K [] No filename extension should be specified, and there must be no space between the /K and the filename. If your keyboard map is named MYKEY.MAP, for example, your MS-DOS command line might be: c>pt /kmykey or, when using the Windows version: popterm /kmkey Source File =========== The file KEYBOARD.SRC supplied with PopTerm/NVT was used to create KEYBOARD.MAP. To modify PopTerm/NVT's keyboard mapping, you may either edit this source file or create one of your own. ----------------------------------------------------------------- WARNING! All keyboard functions in VT-102(/AC) and VT-220 modes depend upon the keyboard map file. If the mappings for the function keys, etc., are not defined within it, PopTerm/NVT will not operate correctly. If you wish to change the mapping of a key, do not delete the other mappings in KEYBOARD.SRC. If a keyboard map file is not present, PopTerm/NVT will not start. ----------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------- HINT: If you want to change the keyboard map, you should first make a copy of KEYBOARD.SRC under another name and edit that copy. ----------------------------------------------------------------- KEYBOARD.SRC is a list of the scan codes for each PC key combination and the string of characters which are to be sent when the associated key is pressed. Key Values ========== To determine the scan code for any keystroke combination, run the MS-DOS program KEYTEST.EXE: c>keytest ----------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: Do not attempt to run KEYTEST.EXE from Windows. Exit Windows and return to MS-DOS before running KEYTEST.EXE. KEYTEST will display the scan codes for each keystroke combination you press until you press ESCape. ----------------------------------------------------------------- Which Table? ============ If the first value for a given key combination is preceded by an equal sign ("="), use the Table-A Method described below when remapping that key combination. If the value is not preceded by an "=", use the Table B Method. For example, if you run KEYTEST.EXE and press the F7 key, you will see that the scan code for the F7 key is "0x41". Because the value is not preceded by an equal sign, you should use the Table B Method to remap this key. Foreign Keyboards ================= When creating a map for a non-U.S. keyboard, set the KEYBOARD= item in the source file to the appropriate value from the list below: 3=Swiss/French 4=Swiss/German 5=Canadian/English 6=Katakana 7=Italian 8=Canadian/French 9=US A=UK B=French C=German D=Swedish/French E=Spanish F=Danish/Norwegian The default is KEYBOARD=9 for the US keyboard layout. If your are modifying the mapping to correspond to the French keyboard layout, change this to KEYBOARD=B ----------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: If you are using a non-U.S. keyboard, you may need to load the MS-DOS KEYB.COM program or other keyboard and display programs. Refer to your MS-DOS documentation for additional information. ----------------------------------------------------------------- Restrictions ============ Both PopTerm/NVT and Microsoft Windows make use of a number of Alt- combinations. For this reason, PopTerm/NVT does not allow remapping of Alt- combinations using printable characters (letters, numbers or punctuation characters). ----------------------------------------------------------------- WARNING! Most PopTerm/NVT key combinations are defined solely by their mappings in the map file. If a key's mapping is omitted from the map file, the key will have no effect when pressed. Always create a new map by editing a copy of KEYBOARD.SRC, and only delete a mapping if you truly want the associated key to have no function. ----------------------------------------------------------------- Source File Syntax ================== Any text in the source file before a line which begins with a "!" will be written to the beginning of the output file, followed by a ^Z. This allows map files to be TYPEd at the DOS prompt, causing valuable information to be displayed. Typical text includes revision and copyright information. Numeric values can be entered using standard "C" syntax in octal (beginning with "0"), decimal (beginning with a non-zero number), or hex (beginning with "0x"). KEYBOARD.SRC, as supplied, has all values listed in hex. Comments begin with a ";". If not starting in column one, you must have a space before the ";". Table "A" Method ================ If KEYTEST returns a value preceded by "=", you should remap the key combination using a statement with the following syntax: = % [[A][S][C][N][K]] where is the 1-byte value returned by KEYTEST and is described later. The % is the value shown in square brackets ("[]") by KEYTEST. The % is used to differentiate between two keys that return the same initial , but must be distinguished in order to cause different actions. It may be followed by "A", "S", "C", "N", or "K" to represent Alt, Shift, Control, NumLock, or K-mode respectively. Note that "A", "S", "C", "N", and "K" may appear in any order, and may be in upper or lower case. "K" mode is described later. For example, the backspace key and ^H both return the code "=0x08" which would normally transmit a ^H character. If the terminal should generate an ASCII rubout (0x7f) instead for the backspace key, then use the following statements to resolve it: =0x08 %0xe 0x7f ;backspace: rubout =0x08 %0x23 c 0x08 ;control-h: hex 8 If KEYTEST returns a value which is preceded by an "=", then this remap method must be used. Otherwise, use the Table "B" method as follows. Table "B" Method ================ Keys which do not generate codes preceded by "=" must be identified by the following syntax: [A][S][C][N][K] where is the value shown by KEYTEST, "A", "S", "C", "N", and "K" refer to Alt, Control, Shift, NumLock, and K-mode respectively, and is described later. Note that "A", "S", "C", "N" and "K" may appear in any order, and may be in upper or lower case. K-Mode ====== On VT-100 and -200 series terminals there is a special mode for the keypad called the Keypad Application Mode (KAM). When KAM is turned on by an application, the keypad can be used for performing special functions defined by the application. K-mode is handled in the keyboard map the same way Shift, Control, and Alt are handled, except a "K" is used instead of an "S", "C", "N", or "A". This makes combinations such as KS, KCA, etc., possible. It will only work with the keypad keys, however, and it will be ignored if applied to any other key. Because the setting of K-mode can only be done by an application, the user will seldom have a reason to change this in the map. One reason to do so might be to allow a key to act as if it were not in K-mode while the others are handled normally. For example, the user might want the 5 key to send a "5" instead of sending the normal K-mode character string "ESC Ou" for that key. N-Mode ====== N-mode allows proper operation of the numeric/cursor keypad while the NumLock key is on. It is highly unlikely that you will need to either modify the N-mode keys listed in KEYBOARD.SRC or create new N-mode mappings, but these N-mode mappings must be present in KEYBOARD.SRC for the keypad to operate properly. Actions ======= The results of a keystroke are an which may consist of transmitting one or more bytes of data. There are also special built-in which are indicated by an asterisk ("*") followed by a number between 1 and 20. If an does not start with an asterisk, it is assumed to be one or more bytes which are to be transmitted by PopTerm/NVT when the specified keystrokes are detected. Simply specify the string of byte values, up to a maximum of nine such values. For example, the "F1" function key is defined as: 0x3b 0x1b 0x4f 0x50 ;F1 - ESC OP To explain, the is "0x3b" and the key will transmit three bytes, 0x1b, 0x4f, and 0x50 (an ESC, followed by 'O' and 'P'). *1 though *6 refer to the six user-programmable macros which can be set on the Control Panel screen (Alt-P) in PopTerm/NVT for MS-DOS or the Terminal/Keyboard Macros menu/dialog box in PopTerm/NVT for Windows. Macros are strings of up to 30 characters which will be sent to the host when the keys to which they are assigned are pressed. *7 and *8 are for shifting the display right or left when PopTerm/NVT is set for 132 column mode in the MS-DOS version of PopTerm/NVT. These are initially set to control-right-arrow and control-left-arrow. *11 though *20 switch between sessions in the MS-DOS version of PopTerm/NVT. *11 is for session one, *12 is for session two, and so on. With the default key mappings, Alt-F1 (which has *11 assigned to it) would switch to session one, Alt-F2 (with *12) would switch to session two, and so on. *7 through *20 have no purpose in the Windows version of PopTerm/NVT. Multiple Entries ================ KEYCOMP uses the first occurrence of a key listed in KEYBOARD.SRC for a mapping. In other words, if a key is listed more than once, only the first one encountered will be used. For example, if the following two lines were in KEYBOARD.SRC, only the first one, mapping the F4 key to PF4, would be used. The second one mapping F4 to macro four would be ignored. 0x3e 0x1b 0x4f 0x53 ;F4 - ESC OS 0x3e *4 ;Macro 4 If you find that a key mapping doesn't seem to work, try looking for a duplicate earlier in the file. Running KEYCOMP.EXE =================== To run the compiler, use the following MS-DOS command: KEYCOMP [] The output is always placed in the file KEYBOARD.MAP and may be renamed. If is not specified, KEYBOARD.SRC is assumed.